NAND/NOR Voting Booth Proximity Alarm
Problem Statement / Constraints
The problem we are dealing with and that we had to ultimately find a way to circumvent was the problem of two people in voting booths right next to each other and the potential for cheating off of each other. What the circuit is required to do is tell if any booths are available for voting, and to make an alert if two people are in fact to close to each other The Final Design of the project also has to be in only NAND or only NOR gates, and we need a separate design and breadboard model of each. Brainstorming / First Ideas To first find what minterms we had to incorporate into our logic design we had to find all of the possible combinations of Variables that would make either the alarm go off or the Available Booth light to turn off. After we figured out the possible combinations we had to make a Karnaugh Map (K-Map for short) including all of the combinations in order to simplify the combinations down to a manageable amount of minterms. Since the Project must be done in both NAND and NOR we must first create an AOI version which we can later convert to both NAND and NOR. This Is the AOI Design: Then we must convert all of the AND, OR and INVERTER gates into NAND gates (the universal gate) and then NOR gates (the other universal gate). This is the guide to convert AOI to NAND and NOR: This is the NAND Design and the smaller circuit on the bottom is the simplified version which removes unnecessary gates and does exactly the same thing: and this is the NOR design: Now the we have the sketches of our circuits we have to breadboard them to ensure they work properly. Each of the black Integrated Circuit chips contain four of each gate that they have. Such as a 74LS00 chip contains four NAND gates, while the 74LS02 gate contains four NOR gates. This is the breadboard with NAND implementation: This is the breadboard with NOR implementation: On both of these boards there is a small object in the top left corner called a "Breadboard Companion" these are used to supply power to the breadboard and its circuits and also to provide simple lights and switches to ensure that the circuit is working. For this Project the switches are our "Voting Booths" with on being "Occupied" and off being "Vacant" and the leftmost light being the "Available Booth" light and the rightmost light being the "Alarm". The switches and lights don't really have to be in that particular order but that's how I wired them. This is the Breadboard Companion: Final Design We designed this project to use NAND and NOR logic chips to make certain lights light up when the switches on our breadboards are in a few certain positions. The word problem we designed the circuit to mimic was one that said something like this. There need to be four available booths and a Light that shows when any booths are available. But it is against the rules to use any of the booths next to and occupied one to prevent cheating therefore if that happens there need to be an alarm that goes off. That is basically what this circuit does. Reflection I don't there is anything that needs to be changed about this project, I believe that this project adequately teaches the uses of NAND and NOR logic and the benefits and downfalls of them compared both to AOI logic and each other. It shows how to Convert to NAND and NOR from AOI and how the universal gates are much more cost effective that the original AOI logic gates. |
AOI Original Sketch
NAND Logic Design Sketch
Nor Logic Design Sketch
NAND Breadboard
NOR Breadboard
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